The battery inconsistency modeling based on VAE is to realize the parameter generation owning the same distribution of each parameter with the battery pack model,
To prevent battery thermal runaway for electric vehicles (EVs), it is necessary to figure out and apply the connections between temperature consistency in battery pack (TCBP)
Battery pack inconsistency can be characterized by parameter changes in the model, such as internal resistance. Zhang et al. 36] used a first-order RC model to identify internal resistance and calculated the standard deviation of the internal resistance of battery packs. It demonstrated, through a correlation analysis, that the temperature has a significant impact on
Abstract: The State of Charge (SOC) inconsistency is common for battery pack after long-term cycling. The unbalanced SOCs is a threat to thermal safety and performance.
Basu et al. [18] constructed a coupled three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical thermal model for the proposed Li-ion battery pack. They examined the effects of coolant flow rates and discharge currents on the battery pack temperature. Qian et al. [19] established a 3D battery pack model with a mini-channel cold plate. They investigated the
Accordingly, a full understanding of the temperature inconsistency of large-format Li-ion batteries is crucial. In this study, these inconsistent characteristics are analyzed by establishing an electrothermal model and conducting experiments based on an 8-Ah pouch-type ternary Li-ion battery with contraposition tabs.
Cell-to-cell variations resulting from the manufacturing process are then compounded by other factors that arise during battery pack operation, such as temperature variations [7]. In this blog post, we''re just going to look at how cell-to-cell variation affects the discharge capacity of an assembled battery pack. In this model, each cell in the battery has a
Inconsistency, also known as cell variation, is considered a significant evaluation index that greatly affects the degradation of battery pack. This paper proposes a novel joint inconsistency and SOH estimation method
Cell voltage inconsistency of a battery pack is the main problem of the Electric Vehicle (EV) battery system, which will affect the performance of the battery and the safe operation of electric vehicles. In real-world vehicle operation, accurate fault diagnosis and timely prediction are the key factors for EV. In this paper, real-world driving data is collected from
Abstract: The State of Charge (SOC) inconsistency is common for battery pack after long-term cycling. The unbalanced SOCs is a threat to thermal safety and performance. For this work, five cells were connected in series to build a pack with initial SOCs 0%,5%,10%,15%,20%. Charging experiments are taken with charging rates 12A (0.3C),
The OCV standard deviation of the battery pack, as the inconsistency coefficient on homeostasis parameter characteristics, excluding the impact of the current and the temperature. It is an important factor of the pack inconsistency, not only belong to reversible inconsistent, which can be used as an important reference for improving the battery balancing
Inconsistency is a key factor triggering safety problems in battery packs. The inconsistency evaluation of retired batteries is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of batteries during subsequent gradual use. This paper summaries the commonly used diagnostic methods for battery inconsistency assessment. The local outlier factor (LOF) algorithm and the
Maintaining the battery pack''s temperature in the desired range is crucial for fulfilling the thermal management requirements of a battery pack during fast charging.
To prevent battery thermal runaway for electric vehicles (EVs), it is necessary to figure out and apply the connections between temperature consistency in battery pack (TCBP) and driving condition to achieve accurate evaluation and diagnosis for temperature inconsistency.
Inconsistency, also known as cell variation, is considered a significant evaluation index that greatly affects the degradation of battery pack. This paper proposes a novel joint inconsistency and SOH estimation method under cycling, which fills the gap of joint estimation based on the fast-charging process for electric vehicles.
The results indicated that the arrangement of cooling plates affected the temperature difference, causing SOC inconsistency in the battery pack. Reducing the
Abstract: To prevent battery thermal runaway for electric vehicles (EVs), it is necessary to figure out and apply the connections between temperature consistency in battery pack (TCBP) and driving condition to achieve accurate evaluation and diagnosis for temperature inconsistency. This paper designed and conducted the naturalistic driving experiments on
With the established battery pack inconsistency model, the battery pack output energy under different current rate conditions can be obtained, which can reflect the state of health of the battery pack and affect the state of energy of the battery pack. The energy utilization efficiency (EUE) is used as a battery pack SOH indicator in Refs.
Maintaining the battery pack''s temperature in the desired range is crucial for fulfilling the thermal management requirements of a battery pack during fast charging. Furthermore, the temperature difference, temperature gradient, aging loss and energy consumption of the battery pack should be balanced to optimize its performance. This paper
Due to the initial and dynamic differences of battery cells, cell-to-cell capacity inconsistency exists in a battery pack. Considering the difference between the laboratory data and the operation data, this paper studies the battery pack capacity inconsistency of an electric vehicle based on cloud data.
About inconsistency Definition of inconsistency. The inconsistency of lithium-ion battery packs refers to the fact that there are certain differences in parameters such as voltage, capacity, internal resistance, life, temperature influence, and self-discharge rate after single cells of the same specification and model form a battery pack.
Accordingly, a full understanding of the temperature inconsistency of large-format Li-ion batteries is crucial. In this study, these inconsistent characteristics are analyzed
Moreover, the inconsistency of the battery temperature has implications for both the charging strategies development [8] Li et al. [13] considered the battery inconsistency in a battery pack when estimating SOE, and demonstrated that the inconsistency has a significant impact on SOE estimation results. In addition, T. Lin et al. [14] considered the inconsistency of
The results indicated that the arrangement of cooling plates affected the temperature difference, causing SOC inconsistency in the battery pack. Reducing the difference in heat dissipation intensity of battery monomers in parallel circuits could
基于二阶RC等效电路模型,在-20 ℃~25 ℃温度范围内,采用温度插值和插值拟合的方法,分别获取任意温度的电池放电曲线和峰值电流,其误差分别在2.19%和6%以内,为定量研究温度不
The battery inconsistency modeling based on VAE is to realize the parameter generation owning the same distribution of each parameter with the battery pack model, including the capacity of the battery cell, the SOC operation range, the temperature distribution, and the parameters of the battery model, etc.
基于二阶RC等效电路模型,在-20 ℃~25 ℃温度范围内,采用温度插值和插值拟合的方法,分别获取任意温度的电池放电曲线和峰值电流,其误差分别在2.19%和6%以内,为定量研究温度不一致对串联电池组放电性能的影响提供模型支撑。 在此基础上,为定量分析由温度不一致引起的能量和功率效率,定义了电池组能量利用率和功率利用率,对不同平均温度和温差下100块串联电池进
LIBs are frequently used as battery packs to enhance performance and provide higher voltage and current levels. Inconsistencies in internal resistance, capacity and polarisation occur between single cells, leading to the LIBs'' overcharge and over-discharge, resulting in the battery pack''s capacity attenuation [[6], [7], [8]].Furthermore, as the cycles increase, the
Due to the initial and dynamic differences of battery cells, cell-to-cell capacity inconsistency exists in a battery pack. Considering the difference between the laboratory data
The inconsistency between the battery cells is thus ignored. Moreover, the impact of inconsistency of battery parameters on the performance of battery packs is now gradually gaining attention. Ref. [ 7] illustrated that the temperature gradient of the battery pack has a significant effect on the output energy of the battery pack. L.
The current research on battery pack inconsistency focuses on the statistics of internal resistance in a certain battery state, which results in the inability to accurately simulate the characteristics of the battery pack. The simulation results without considering the variation of model parameters are also shown in Fig. 5.
The experimental conditions are detailed as follows: the ambient temperature of 45 °C; the coolant flow rate of 18 L/min; and the coolant inlet temperature of 20 °C. The experimental steps are described as follows: Fig. 6. Physical objects of the experimental system. Fig. 7. Distribution of temperature measurement points of the battery pack.
Therefore, the influence degree of the battery pack inconsistency on the output energy needs to be studied based on a battery pack inconsistency model, a newly built experimental platform with adjustable battery pack inconsistency parameters, and the method of multiple linear regression analysis. 1.2. Contributions of this work
Fortunately, the capacity inconsistency affected by the temperature difference is recoverable. Subsequently, the normal distribution of battery capacity is detected, and the results show that the distribution of battery cell capacity is also subjected to the temperature.
(1) Stabilize the battery pack temperature to 45 °C; (2) The cold plate initiates operation, and the experiment concludes upon reaching a temperature of 25 °C for the high-temperature battery pack. Comparative analysis is conducted between the measured top and bottom battery temperatures and the numerical simulation outcomes (Fig. 8).
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