We report the first cradle-to-gate emissions assessment for a mass-produced battery in a commercial battery electric vehicle (BEV); the lithium-ion battery pack used in the Ford Focus BEV. The
This paper critically assesses if accessible lithium resources are sufficient for expanded demand due to lithium battery electric vehicles. The ultimately recoverable resources (URR) of...
This study conducts a rigorous and comprehensive LCA of lithium-ion batteries to demonstrate the life cycle environmental impact hotspots and ways to improve the hotspots for
The potential for lithium mining in Afghanistan has attracted international attention, as lithium is a key component in the production of lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are widely used in
The potential for lithium mining in Afghanistan has attracted international attention, as lithium is a key component in the production of lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are widely used in various electronic devices including smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage systems.
This study conducts a rigorous and comprehensive LCA of lithium-ion batteries to demonstrate the life cycle environmental impact hotspots and ways to improve the hotspots for the...
The analysis covers the production and recycling phases of these batteries, focusing on the greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and various environmental impacts, such as global warming potential and ecotoxicity. The results indicate that magnesium–sulfur batteries exhibit the lowest overall ecological footprint and
As an important part of electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery packs will have a certain environmental impact in the use stage. To analyze the comprehensive environmental impact, 11 lithium-ion battery packs composed of different materials were selected as the research object. By introducing the life cycle assessment method and entropy weight
Therefore, this paper provides a perspective of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in order to determine and overcome the environmental impacts with a focus on LIB production
This review offers a comprehensive study of Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and
The analysis covers the production and recycling phases of these batteries, focusing on the greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and various environmental
The purpose of this study is to calculate the characterized, normalized, and weighted factors for the environmental impact of a Li-ion battery (NMC811) throughout its life
This review analyzed the literature data about the global warming potential (GWP) of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) lifecycle, e.g., raw material mining, production, use, and end of life.
As an important part of electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery packs will have a certain environmental impact in the use stage. To analyze the comprehensive environmental
This paper critically assesses if accessible lithium resources are sufficient for expanded demand due to lithium battery electric vehicles. The ultimately recoverable
This study presents a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment to quantify the environmental impact of five prominent lithium-ion chemistries, based on the specifications of
The future supply routes reviewed in this study are based on data gathered from technical reports and environmental impact assessment reports of several lithium mining and processing companies (Lithium Americas Corp., Minera Salar Blanco, Nemaska Lithium Inc., and Keliber Oy) that are at various stages of developing their lithium assets. These are considered
There is a growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric transportation and to support the application of renewable energies by auxiliary energy storage systems.
Two kinds Li-ion battery, LFP battery and LMO battery, are chosen to assess the differences of environmental impacts when they use lithium prepared by LRT and LBT, respectively. Considering the data limitation, GWP and AP are selected in the comparison by the methods shown as Eq (5) : (5) I n = I o + Q × ( i n − i o ) where I is GWP or AP to produce one
This review offers a comprehensive study of Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) methodologies in the context of lithium-based batteries. Notably, the study distinguishes itself by integrating not only environmental
The purpose of this study is to calculate the characterized, normalized, and weighted factors for the environmental impact of a Li-ion battery (NMC811) throughout its life cycle. To achieve this, open LCA software is employed, utilizing data from product environmental footprint category rules, the Ecoinvent database, and the BatPaC database for
This study conducts a rigorous and comprehensive LCA of lithium-ion batteries to demonstrate the life cycle environmental impact hotspots and ways to improve the hotspots for the sustainable
Extracting lithium requires a substantial amount of water, which is a scarce resource in Afghanistan. Additionally, the environmental impact of lithium mining necessitates careful consideration to
Figure 1 System boundary for lithium-ion study Environmental impact assessment LCA of traction batteries inevitably leads to comparisons of electric vehicles, EV, with internal combustion engine vehicles, ICEV. Such LCAs should therefore be able to assess trade-offs between tailpipe emissions, material resource use and toxicological impacts
This study presents a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment to quantify the environmental impact of five prominent lithium-ion chemistries, based on the specifications of 73...
This review analyzed the literature data about the global warming potential (GWP) of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) lifecycle, e.g., raw material mining, production, use, and end of life.
The environmental impacts of six state‐of‐the‐art solid polymer electrolytes for solid lithium‐ion batteries are quantified using the life cycle assessment methodology.
Although silicon nanowires (SiNW) have been widely studied as an ideal material for developing high-capacity lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicles (EVs), little is known about the environmental impacts of such a new EV battery pack during its whole life cycle. This paper reports a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a high-capacity LIB pack using SiNW
Therefore, this paper provides a perspective of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in order to determine and overcome the environmental impacts with a focus on LIB production process, also the details regarding differences in previous LCA results and their consensus conclusion about environmental sustainability of LIBs.
This review analyzed the literature data about the global warming potential (GWP) of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) lifecycle, e.g., raw material mining, production, use, and end of life. The literature data were associated with three macro
Therefore, a strong interest is triggered in the environmental consequences associated with the increasing existence of Lithium-ion battery (LIB) production and applications in mobile and stationary energy storage system.
For instance, the goal may be to evaluate the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the batteries and identify opportunities for improvement. Alternatively, the goal may include comparing the sustainability performance of various Li-based battery types or rating the sustainability of the entire battery supply chain.
In addition, the electrical structure of the operating area is an important factor for the potential environmental impact of the battery pack. In terms of power structure, coal power in China currently has significant carbon footprint, ecological footprint, acidification potential and eutrophication potential.
By providing a nuanced understanding of the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of lithium-based batteries, the framework guides policymakers, manufacturers, and consumers toward more informed and sustainable choices in battery production, utilization, and end-of-life management.
Akasapu and Hehenberger, (2023) found similar conclusion that Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP) are critical factor for environmental impacts . The current findings also reveal that climate change (fossil) contribute the major environmental impacts during LCA of lithium ion batteries.
The results of the environmental impact evaluation showed that Li-S batteries are 9%-90% less harmful to the environment than standard NCM-Graphite batteries (Deng et al., 2017). For the first time, Troy et al. investigated the environmental impacts of a new all-solid-state battery (SSB) using LCA based on laboratory scale production process.
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