In this chapter, the application of microfluidics in membraneless fuel cells is addressed in terms of evolution of cell designs of miniaturized microfluidic fuel cells as a result of new discoveries in microfabrication technology and the use of several fuels and electrocatalysts for specific and selective applications.
The microfluidic device contains galvanic cells (that we term "fluidic batteries") integrated directly into the microfluidic channels, which provides a direct link between a power source and an analytical function within the device. This capability is demonstrated using an example device that simultaneously powers a surface-mount UV LED and
With the development of paper microfluidics, researchers realize that paper can be employed as microfluidic channel to continuously and spontaneously transport electrolyte (reactant) solution with steady flow rate in a laminar way, which enables the battery to discharge for long time with a stable output power. Moreover, the co
The microfluidic device contains galvanic cells (that we term "fluidic batteries") integrated directly into the microfluidic channels, which provides a direct link between a power source and an
Here we developed a novel microfluidics-based strategy to efficiently fabricate flexible ionic hydrogel batteries by mimicking ion-concentration gradients in biological organs.
A microfluidic fuel cell is defined as a fuel cell with fluid delivery and removal, reaction sites and electrode structures all confined to a microfluidic channel. Microfluidic fuel cells typically operate in a co-laminar flow configuration without a physical barrier, such as a membrane, to separate the anode and the cathode. This
Although the two channels of the DR-Al-air battery can deliver more electrolyte than the one channel of the SR-Al-air battery at the same time, the flow rate (about 37.7 μL min −1, Fig. S4) in the single channel of the DR-Al-air battery is smaller than that (about 82.7 μL min −1, Fig. S4) of the SR-Al-air battery. The detailed flow rate measurements are shown in
Inspired by plant transpiration, this work presents a novel wood-based microfluidic Al-air battery (μAAB) configuration driven by a photothermal evaporator
Microfluidic fuel cells and batteries represent a special type of electrochemical power generators that can be miniaturized and integrated in a microfluidic chip. Summarizing the initial ten years of research and development in this emerging field, this SpringerBrief is the first book dedicated to microfluidic fuel cell and battery technology
The utility of the platform technology towards cell counting is demonstrated, however, the platform is broadly applicable to assaying wide panels of biomarkers including proteins, nucleic acids, and various cell types. We present a portable system for personalized blood cell counting consisting of a microfluidic impedance cytometer and portable analog
Microfluidic chip definition Microfluidic chips, often referred to as lab-on-a-chip devices, are miniature platforms that manipulate and analyze small volumes of fluids.These chips, witch feature molded or patterned micro-channels,
For this review, we utilize the latter definition, where microfluidic channels range from 1–1000 μm in width or height. Microfluidic devices are fabricated in a host of ways, with a large variety of materials. Indeed, device material can affect flow, absorptivity, biocompatibility, and function of microfluidic components. Common materials for microfluidics include rigid polymers
A microfluidic fuel cell refers to a miniaturized energy generator with integrated electrodes, an interconnected network of channels for the fluid flow, and inlets/outlets for the delivery and removal of a fuel and an oxidant. The fuel is
An "Ion Harvester" Battery in Soil Empowered by a Microfluidic Pump and Interlayer Confinement within Micro‐Swiss‐Rolls
Microfluidics techniques and methods can also be utilized to confer unique characteristics to conventional batteries, for example, the most commonly used Li-ion batteries. By using a microfluidics-assisted method, Yang et al. fabricated a transparent Li-ion battery with a grid-like electrode design. First, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS
The proof-of-concept device fabricated using low-cost materials integrated in a microfluidic chip is shown to produce competitive power levels when operated on a vanadium redox electrolyte. A complete charge/discharge cycle is performed to demonstrate its operation as a rechargeable battery, which is an important step towards providing
We constructed a microfluidic paper-based Al–air battery (F) (Fig. 1), as well as a non-microfluidic one (N) with the similar design but an electrolyte-wetted paper channel between the anode and cathode that is not connected to the electrolyte storage device or the absorbent pad, comparable to that of Katsoufis [29]. The LSVs of F and N were recorded 7 times to
"Microfluidics" denotes to the science and technology of controlling fluids in channeled networks with measurements of 5–500 mm and its history has been the focus of a current review by Whiteside''s.Microfluidic systems help in transport of fluid with volumes varying from microliters to femtoliters in channels that are typically imprinted on the surface of a
Microfluidic fuel cells and batteries represent a special type of electrochemical power generators that can be miniaturized and integrated in a microfluidic chip. Summarizing the initial ten years of research and development in this
Microfluidic PCR devices have been developed to meet the challenges in the biomedical and molecular fields. Since then the microfluidic platform is gaining a wider range of advantages and applications in the identification of bacteria. and infections. The continuous-flow based PCR systems depict to be a promising technology, have shorter
A microfluidic fuel cell is defined as a fuel cell with fluid delivery and removal, reaction sites and electrode structures all confined to a microfluidic channel. Microfluidic fuel
Microfluidic technology is extremely versatile, with a multitude of applications from medicine and biotechnology to chemistry, agriculture, life science, industrial manufacturing, research, and more. As small as microfluidic chips are—with lengths and widths of as little as a single centimeter—the standards and tolerances for manufacturing are hair-thin—literally.
In this chapter, the application of microfluidics in membraneless fuel cells is addressed in terms of evolution of cell designs of miniaturized microfluidic fuel cells as a result of new discoveries in microfabrication
The proof-of-concept device fabricated using low-cost materials integrated in a microfluidic chip is shown to produce competitive power levels when operated on a vanadium redox electrolyte. A
Microfluidic chip technology is an emerging tool in the field of biomedical application. Microfluidic chip includes a set of groves or microchannels that are engraved on different materials (glass, silicon, or polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS, polymethylmethacrylate or PMMA). The microchannels forming the microfluidic chip are
A microfluidic fuel cell refers to a miniaturized energy generator with integrated electrodes, an interconnected network of channels for the fluid flow, and inlets/outlets for the delivery and removal of a fuel and an oxidant. The fuel is typically an aqueous solution of either glucose, methanol, formic acid or dissolved hydrogen.
Here we developed a novel microfluidics-based strategy to efficiently fabricate flexible ionic hydrogel batteries by mimicking ion-concentration gradients in biological organs. Microfluidic networks were designed to simultaneously transport four types of ionic hydrogel solutions into pre-defined well arrays and enable the perfusion
With the development of paper microfluidics, researchers realize that paper can be employed as microfluidic channel to continuously and spontaneously transport electrolyte (reactant) solution with steady flow rate in
Inspired by plant transpiration, this work presents a novel wood-based microfluidic Al-air battery (μAAB) configuration driven by a photothermal evaporator (biomimetic "leaf"). Except for the Al anode, the μAAB features an all-wood design, utilizing the well-aligned microchannels of the natural wood for electrolyte
Microfluidics techniques and methods can also be utilized to confer unique characteristics to conventional batteries, for example, the most commonly used Li-ion batteries. By using a microfluidics-assisted method, Yang et al. fabricated a transparent Li-ion battery with a grid-like electrode design.
With the development of paper microfluidics, researchers realize that paper can be employed as microfluidic channel to continuously and spontaneously transport electrolyte (reactant) solution with steady flow rate in a laminar way, which enables the battery to discharge for long time with a stable output power.
A microfluidic paper-based fuel cell developed by Esquivel et al. was capable of generating power densities in the range of 1–5 mW cm −2. 13 The device consists of a conjugated pad to store an electrolyte and a fuel, and integrated electrodes. The fuel cell is operated by simply soaking the sample pad in water.
A miniaturized microfluidic battery is proposed, which is the first membraneless redox battery demonstrated to date. This unique concept capitalizes on dual-pass flow-through porous electrodes combined with stratified, co-laminar flow to generate electrical power on-chip.
In line with this, microfluidic technologies offered a promising platform for batteries due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, in-chip integration capability, and well-developed manufacturing procedures that can bring down material costs. [ 26 ]
Commonly used metrics to evaluate the performance of microfluidic batteries include the open-circuit potential, current density, energy density, and power density, whereby the last three metrics are normalized to the cross-sectional area.
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