The increasing presence of Li-Ion batteries (LIB) in mobile and stationary energy storage applications has triggered a growing interest in the environmental impacts associated
A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li + ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy. In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries, Li-ion
In this paper, we address three key questions in automotive lithium-ion battery energy and environmental analysis: whether materials production or battery assembly drive these batteries'' energy and environmental impacts; what motivates battery recycling if it is the assembly step that is the major energy consumer; and how the energy and
The major contributor to the environmental burden caused by the battery is the supply of copper and aluminum for the production of the anode and the cathode, plus the required cables or the battery management system. This study provides a sound basis for more detailed environmental assessments of battery based E-mobility.
The major contributor to the environmental burden caused by the battery is the supply of copper and aluminum for the production of the anode and the cathode, plus the
Lithium-ion batteries have recently gained much attention with the increasing production and marketing of electric vehicles to reduce emissions from the transportation sector. Rapid growth in...
Emerging technologies in battery development offer several promising advancements: i) Solid-state batteries, utilizing a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid or gel, promise higher energy densities ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 kWh kg-1, improved safety, and a longer lifespan due to reduced risk of dendrite formation and thermal runaway (Moradi et al., 2023); ii)
Combining the emission curves with regionalised battery production announcements, we present carbon footprint distributions (5 th, 50 th, and 95 th percentiles) for lithium-ion batteries with...
The performance of Li-ion batteries can be improved by a higher specific capacity and/or a higher average cell voltage. 1–3 The voltage of a Li-ion cell is determined by the free enthalpy of the lithium exchange reaction, which consists of Li-intercalation and deintercalation reactions at the active electrode materials. Several approaches can be adopted for the
This study analyzes the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles as an environmentally viable option and evaluates whether the burdens related to the battery are likely to offset the benefits related to the electric drivetrain. For this end it is necessary to model electric mobility (E-mobility) including the vehicle''s production
In this paper, we address three key questions in automotive lithium-ion battery energy and environmental analysis: whether materials production or battery assembly drive these batteries'' energy and environmental impacts; what
Lithium-ion batteries have realized large-scale application in electric and hybrid vehicles. In the past few decades, SnO 2 has attracted extensive attention as electrode material. Compared with ordinary graphite anode materials, SnO 2 possesses higher theoretical specific capacity (790 mA·h·g-1), rich raw materials and low price.While the volume expansion of SnO
The thermal stability of overcharged lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and heat contribution ratio of different components during thermal runaway are unclear. This paper investigates the thermal stability changes of the full battery and components after overcharging. The degradation mechanism of thermal stability induced by overcharging is revealed
The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a rechargeable battery used for a variety . of electronic devices that are essential for our everyday life. Since the rst . commercial LIB was manufactured and sold in Japan in 1991, the LIB market has continued to grow rapidly for nearly 30 years, playing an important role in the development of portable electronic products such as video cameras,
The Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is an important technology for the present and future of energy storage. Its high specific energy, high power, long cycle life and decreasing manufacturing costs make LIBs a key enabler of sustainable mobility and renewable energy supply. 1 Lithium ion is the electrochemical technology of choice for an increasing number of
Battery-powered electric cars (BEVs) play a key role in future mobility scenarios. However, little is known about the environmental impacts of the production, use and disposal of the lithium ion (Li-ion) battery. This makes it difficult to compare the environmental impacts of BEVs with those of internal combustion engine cars (ICEVs).
Combining the emission curves with regionalised battery production announcements, we present carbon footprint distributions (5 th, 50 th, and 95 th percentiles)
This study analyzes the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles as an environmentally viable option and evaluateswhethertheburdensrelatedtothebatteryarelikely
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a key climate change mitigation technology, given their role in electrifying the transport sector and enabling the deep integration of renewables 1.The climate
Silicon/carbon composites have been considered as the anode material of choice for improving the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The carbon-based matrices not only can provide a conductive network for Si, but can also mitigate the bulk expansion of Si. However, the Si/C anode also has obvious disadvantages, such as a complicated preparation
Li-metal and elemental sulfur possess theoretical charge capacities of, respectively, 3,861 and 1,672 mA h g −1 [].At an average discharge potential of 2.1 V, the Li–S battery presents a theoretical electrode-level specific energy of ~2,500 W h kg −1, an order-of-magnitude higher than what is achieved in lithium-ion batteries.. In practice, Li–S batteries are
The increasing presence of Li-Ion batteries (LIB) in mobile and stationary energy storage applications has triggered a growing interest in the environmental impacts associated with their production. Numerous studies on the potential environmental impacts of LIB production and LIB-based electric mobility are available, but these are very
Strong growth in lithium-ion battery (LIB) demand requires a robust understanding of both costs and environmental impacts across the value-chain. Recent announcements of LIB manufacturers to venture into cathode active material (CAM) synthesis and recycling expands the process segments under their influence. However, little research has yet
Potentials and hotspots of post-lithium-ion batteries: Environmental impacts and supply risks for sodium- and potassium-ion batteries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2024, 204, 107526. https://doi /10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107526
The impact caused by the extraction of lithium for the components of the Li-ion battery is less than 2.3% (Ecoindicator 99 points). The major contributor to the environmental burden caused by the battery is the supply of copper and aluminum for the production of the anode and the cathode, plus the required cables or the battery management system.
The batteries are assumed to be used in electric vehicles, since this is also the battery application used in the vast majority of the reviewed studies. Including the use phase in the analysis allows for assessing the influence of electrochemical performance parameters on the total environmental impact of the studied LIB systems. 4.1.
This study analyzes the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles as an environmentally viable option and evaluateswhethertheburdensrelatedtothebatteryarelikely to offset the benefits related to the electric drivetrain.
Another explanation for the small impact of the battery on the overall assessment of transport service is the tiny share of the lithium components on the environmental burden for the Li-ion battery. This finding can be explained first of all by the fact that the lithium content accounts for only 0.007 kg per kg Li-ion battery.
Lithium-Ion batteries (LIBs) have made significant progress in the last decade and are now a mature and reliable technology with still significant improvement potential , , . For mobile applications, they are already the dominating technology and their share in stationary energy systems is steadily increasing .
Averaged over all LIB chemistries, providing 1 kWh of electricity over battery lifetime requires 0.26 kWh of fossil energy and causes GHG emissions of 74 g only due to the production of the battery, i.e., without considering internal inefficiencies (Chapter 4.2) or end of life handling.
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