The system components include AC–DC substations, catenary/third rail systems, renewable generators, energy storage systems, and charging infrastructure for EVs. By integrating charging infrastructure directly into the DC section, DC-RMG promotes sustainable mobility and reduces reliance on the AC mains, making it suitable for mid
One promising strategy involves integrating renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESSs), and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) into current
Based on this, this paper refers to a new energy storage charging pile system design proposed by Yan [27]. The new energy storage charging pile consists of an AC inlet line, an AC/DC bidirectional converter, a DC/DC bidirectional module, and a coordinated control unit. The system topology is shown in Fig. 2 b. The energy storage charging pile
A railway energy management architecture based on the smart grid (SG) framework has been introduced by [1] to integrate onboard and wayside energy storage system (ESS), distributed generation units, and train''s load.
In this calculation, the energy storage system should have a capacity between 500 kWh to 2.5 MWh and a peak power capability up to 2 MW. Having defined the critical components of the charging station—the sources, the loads, the energy buffer—an analysis must be done for the four power conversion systems that create the energy paths in the station.
This paper proposes a microgrid optimization strategy for new energy charging and swapping stations using adaptive multi-agent reinforcement learning, employing deep reinforcement learning methods to achieve coordinated control of new energy output and charging–swapping loads, effectively reducing the fluctuation of new energy grid power. A
One promising strategy involves integrating renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESSs), and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) into current electric railway...
Energy management strategy of microgrid based on photovoltaic and energy storage system in construction area of Sichuan-Tibet Railway . Na Shu 1, Shan Jiang 1, Zhongze Fan 1, Xiaoman Cao 1 and Zeling Zhang 2 * 1 Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp., LTD, Shandong 250100, China 2 Anhui Nenghui Rail Transit Technology Co.,
A microgrid (MG) system based on a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) with the real-time price (RTP) demand response and distribution network is proposed to deal with uncertainties. Through the guidance of RTP, the electricity consumption behavior of consumers and car owners is more adaptable to the output uncertainty of renewable energy source (RES)
The system components include AC–DC substations, catenary/third rail systems, renewable generators, energy storage systems, and charging infrastructure for EVs. By integrating charging infrastructure directly
A railway energy management architecture based on the smart grid (SG) framework has been introduced by [1] to integrate onboard and wayside energy storage system (ESS), distributed
Hybridizing the railway substations with hybrid energy sources based on renewable energy sources and storage units connected to a dc bus may be a solution to
In this article is proposed a top-level charging controller forthe on-board and wayside railway energy storage systems. Its structure comprehends two processing levels: a real-time fuzzy...
In this study, a novel system is proposed in which a large-scale hybrid renewable energy source (RESs) and electric vehicle (EV) fast-charging station are integrated into medium voltage (MV)
This study provides a systematic review of the recent developments in the control and management of energy storage systems for microgrid applications. In the early sections, a summary of the
In this article is proposed a top-level charging controller forthe on-board and wayside railway energy storage systems. Its structure comprehends two processing levels: a real-time fuzzy...
A two-layer optimal configuration model of fast/slow charging piles between multiple microgrids is proposed, which makes the output of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic in the microgrid match the EVs charging load, thus inhibiting the phenomenon that the EVs aggregation charging leads to the steep increase of grid climbing
In this study, a novel system is proposed in which a large-scale hybrid renewable energy source (RESs) and electric vehicle (EV) fast-charging station are integrated into medium voltage (MV) DC electric railway power system (ERPS). Worth mentioning that the overhead catenary system is used to transfer the electrical energy from RESs (and main
Traction power fluctuations have economic and environmental effects on high-speed railway system (HSRS). The combination of energy storage system (ESS) and HSRS shows a promising potential for utilization of regenerative braking energy and peak shaving and valley filling. This paper studies a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for traction substation
Hybridizing the railway substations with hybrid energy sources based on renewable energy sources and storage units connected to a dc bus may be a solution to contribute to the partial independence of energy producers in the sector of traffic rail. A smart control is highly recommended in order to avoid disturbing the traffic or the
ABSTRACT This paper presents a two-layer optimal configuration model for EVs'' fast/slow charging stations within a multi-microgrid system. The model considers costs related to climbing and netload fluctu-ations, aiming to meet EVs'' charging
1.2 Railway Energy Storage Systems. Ideally, the most effective way to increase the global efficiency of traction systems is to use the regenerative braking energy to feed another train in traction mode (and absorbing the totality of the braking energy) [].However, this solution requires an excellent synchronism and a small distance between "in traction mode" and "in
This paper addresses the energy management control problem of solar power generation system by using the data-driven method. The battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system is considered
This paper proposes a microgrid optimization strategy for new energy charging and swapping stations using adaptive multi-agent reinforcement learning, employing deep
This article adopts a hybrid AC-DC microgrid for research purposes and proposes a time-period-controlled energy management strategy for the photovoltaic-storage
Energy storage plays an essential role in modern power systems. The increasing penetration of renewables in power systems raises several challenges about coping with power imbalances and ensuring standards are maintained. Backup supply and resilience are also current concerns. Energy storage systems also provide ancillary services to the grid, like
A two-layer optimal configuration model of fast/slow charging piles between multiple microgrids is proposed, which makes the output of new energy sources such as wind
ABSTRACT This paper presents a two-layer optimal configuration model for EVs'' fast/slow charging stations within a multi-microgrid system. The model considers costs related to
This article adopts a hybrid AC-DC microgrid for research purposes and proposes a time-period-controlled energy management strategy for the photovoltaic-storage hybrid AC-DC microgrid in the construction area of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. The simulation results demonstrate that the AC-DC microgrid in the construction area based on the proposed
The integration of a renewable energy and hybrid energy storage system (HESS) into electrified railways to build an electric railway smart microgrid system (ERSMS) is beneficial for reducing fossil fuel consumption and minimizing energy waste. However, the fluctuations of renewable energy generation and traction load challenge the effectiveness of
When the microgrid’s energy generation exceeds all the loads on it, the microgrid can charge its energy storage devices, such as batteries, via a bidirectional AC/DC converter. The use loads (both AC and DC) are connected to a common AC bus (backbone network). Microgrids can also send out (export) energy to the utility power grid.
In commercial/industrial and utility microgrids, soft costs (43% and 24%, respectively) represent significant portion of the total costs per megawatt. Finally, energy storage contributes significantly to the total cost of commercial and community microgrids, which have percentages of 25% and 15%, respectively, of the total costs per megawatt.
In this study, a novel system is proposed in which a large-scale hybrid renewable energy source (RESs) and electric vehicle (EV) fast-charging station are integrated into medium voltage (MV) DC electric railway power system (ERPS).
In this system, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and storage system are connected to the railway catenary system through a unidirectional DC/DC power converter to boost the voltage to 1.5 kV DC. Furthermore, the DC/DC converter provides galvanic isolation between the storage and utility grids for safety concerns.
The huge power requirements of future railways require the usage of energy-efficient strategies towards amore intelligent railway system. The usage of on-board energy storage systems enables better usage of the traction energy with a higher degree of freedom.
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