To solve the energy level matching problem of the hybrid perovskite CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 with a band gap of 1.3 eV, we investigate the key role of an externally applied electric field. First-principle calculations were performed to determine the physical properties of this material under an external electric field. Based on the results, it was
The development of good hole transport layers (HTLs) is crucial for high-performance perovskite-based photovoltaic systems. Furthermore, it is important to accurately optimize the energy level matching between perovskites and hole transport materials via better charge collection. This work explores the effect of the HTLs on the
In this study, the perovskite films were fabricated by the two-step solution method, where the fabrication details could be found in Supplementary Information. To obtain a suitable energy level match between perovskite/HTL/Cu, we mainly adjusted the EF of HTLs (combined with Spiro-OMeTAD and Poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphe-
PCBM is introduced to modulate the energy level array in the interface of PVK/HTL. PCBM modulate the Fermi level of perovskite to form a band bending energy level. PCBM passivate the uncoordinated Pb 2+ to reduce the trap-state density in perovskite. The PCBM-modified PSC exhibits an impressive power conversion efficiency of 25.21%.
The theoretical calculation show that it helps construct an interconnect structure of SnO 2 /PbS/Perovskite with matched energy level and lattice. This not only
PCBM is introduced to modulate the energy level array in the interface of PVK/HTL. PCBM modulate the Fermi level of perovskite to form a band bending energy level. PCBM passivate the uncoordinated Pb 2+ to reduce the trap-state density in perovskite. The
However, the energy-level mismatch between functional layers and tremendous trap states in perovskite films make it challenging to reduce the high open-circuit voltage (V oc) loss in Sn–Pb binary perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
The theoretical calculation show that it helps construct an interconnect structure of SnO 2 /PbS/Perovskite with matched energy level and lattice. This not only increases conductivity of SnO 2, but also upshifts Fermi energy levels (E F) of both SnO 2 and buried
Here, the authors review the progress of the studies on energy level alignment in PSCs, including several sections: methods for deriving ELA, semiconductor type of perovskite, bottom layer–dependent energy level shift of perovskite, density of states–governed ELA, ELA for specific interfaces, instability-induced ELA variation, and defects
To solve the energy level matching problem of the hybrid perovskite CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 with a band gap of 1.3 eV, we investigate the key role of an externally applied electric field. First-principle
Design and modification of interfaces have been the main strategies in developing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among the interfacial treatments, dipole molecules have emerged as a practical approach to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs due to their unique and versatile abilities to control the interfacial properties. Despite extensive
Last, the chemical and electrochemical stability of antiperovskite materials was concluded and highlighted for their application in energy storage batteries. Anti-perovskite SSEs exhibit a lot of natural advantages, especially
In this study, the perovskite films were fabricated by the two-step solution method, where the fabrication details could be found in Supplementary Information. To obtain
However, the energy-level mismatch between functional layers and tremendous trap states in perovskite films make it challenging to reduce the high open-circuit voltage (V
In this work, we present a modified interface between all-inorganic CsPbI 3 perovskite and its hole-selective contact (spiro-OMeTAD), realized by the dipole molecule trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), to align the energy levels.
Photovoltaic devices suffer from unavoidable open circuit voltage losses. Here, authors design a photo-ferroelectric 2D/3D/2D perovskite junction with 2D ferroelectric single
High-efficiency hole transport layer free perovskite solar cells (HTL-free PSCs) with economical and simplified device structure can greatly facilitate the commercialization of PSCs. However, eliminating the key HTL in PSCs results usually in a severe efficiency loss and poor carrier transfer due to the energy-level mismatching at the indium tin oxide (ITO)/perovskite interface.
Furthermore, it is important to accurately optimize the energy level matching between perovskites and hole transport materials via better charge collection. This work explores the effect of the HTLs on the growth process, morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite active layer and their impacts on the photovoltaic performance. Devices with planar inverted
Concurrently, the high electron density of CF 3 in TFA −, as well as its large effective volume upon filling the V I, can increase partial electron density of the neighboring I − and FA + in the perovskite lattice scaffold and/or uncoordinated Pb species at the perovskite surface. 21, 37 This supramolecular interaction can lead to the increased electron densities in
Planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be made in either a regular n–i–p structure or an inverted p–i–n structure (see Fig. 1 for the meaning of n–i–p and p–i–n as regular and inverted architecture), They are made from either organic–inorganic hybrid semiconducting materials or a complete inorganic material typically made of triple cation semiconductors that
Photovoltaic devices suffer from unavoidable open circuit voltage losses. Here, authors design a photo-ferroelectric 2D/3D/2D perovskite junction with 2D ferroelectric single crystals in bulk
The fundamental operating principle of PSCs entails the incident of sunlight into the device, whereupon the perovskite layer absorbs photons with energies exceeding the material''s bandgap, leading to exciton generation. Due to strategic band alignment, the charge carrier pairs dissociate and be extracted at the perovskite/ETL and perovskite/HTL interfaces,
In this work, we present a modified interface between all-inorganic CsPbI 3 perovskite and its hole-selective contact (spiro-OMeTAD), realized by the dipole molecule trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), to align the energy levels.
The problem of energy level matching between the interface material and the perovskite is essential for the development of a better PSC. Electrons and holes pass through each layer and encounter many different interfaces Figure 4a,b) (e.g., the electrons will coincide with the perovskite layer/ETL interface and ETL/negative electrode interface, and the holes will
Here, we developed a feasible method, namely, "balancing energy level difference," to optimize the band alignment in n-i-p PSCs with Cu electrode. Through material characterizations, we systematically adjusted the E F of HTLs to match well with both perovskite and Cu electrode. Under the optimized condition, we achieved a PCE of 20.10% with
Here, the authors review the progress of the studies on energy level alignment in PSCs, including several sections: methods for deriving ELA, semiconductor type of perovskite, bottom layer–dependent energy level shift
Here, we developed a feasible method, namely, "balancing energy level difference," to optimize the band alignment in n-i-p PSCs with Cu electrode. Through material characterizations, we systematically adjusted the
(a) Voltage–time (V–t) curves of the PSCs–LIB device (blue and black lines at the 1st–10th cycles: charged at 0.5 C using PSC and galvanostatically discharged at 0.5 C using power supply.
After giving a brief description of the structure and property of photoferroelectric perovskite materials, the device structures, working principles and characterization of PPSCs are introduced, followed by the state-of-the-art advances and the insights for the PPSCs based on oxide and halide perovskite materials. Finally, the main challenges in developing efficient
The most research studies on the planar PSCs have focused on the optimizing the morphology of the perovskite active layer by controlling the crystallization process, such as the perovskite composition [15, 16], the methods of elaboration [17, 18], the annealing treatment [19, 20] and the additive engineering [21, 22].
To obtain a suitable energy level match between perovskite/HTL/Cu, we mainly adjusted the E F of HTLs (combined with Spiro-OMeTAD and Poly [bis (4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA)) through changing the relative content of different hole transport materials.
As a result, we observe a net gain in the device V OC reaching 1.21 V, the highest value reported to date for highly efficient perovskite PVs, leading to a champion efficiency of 24%. Modeling depicts a coherent matching of the crystal and electronic structure at the interface, robust to defect states and molecular reorientation.
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs) energy level alignment and charge extraction at the interfaces are the essential factors directly affecting the device performance. In this work, we present a modif...
It is demonstrated that the modification by n-type material PCBM can effectively decrease the energy level difference between perovskite and spiro-OMeTAD, and enhance the Fermi level of perovskite to form a band bending energy level structure, which accelerate the extraction of holes and improve the electrical property of perovskite film.
The PCBM-modified PSC exhibits an impressive power conversion efficiency of 25.21%. The interfacial energy level mismatch between the functional layers of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially between the perovskite layer (PVK) and the hole transport layer (HTL), is a major issue restricting the enhancement of performance of PSCs.
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